What’s the Difference Between ISBN-10 and ISBN-13?

When you’re publishing a book, one of the first things you’ll likely hear about is ISBN numbers (International Standard Book Number). At first, these codes might seem a little confusing, but they play a huge role in helping books get recognized and sold. You’ll come across two main types: ISBN-10 and ISBN-13. Both serve the same basic purpose, i.e., identifying a book uniquely. 

However, there are some important differences between them, and understanding these can help ensure your book gets the recognition it deserves.

So, what are these differences? Why does it matter, and which one should you go for? Don’t worry! We’ll help you figure it out in no time! Let’s go!

What are ISBN Numbers?

Before diving into the differences between ISBN-10 and ISBN-13, let’s quickly clarify what an ISBN is. The ISBN is a unique identifier for books, making it easier for booksellers, libraries, and distributors to track and manage inventory. It’s essentially like a social security number for a book, ensuring that the right book is easily identifiable in a vast sea of titles. An ISBN number for books helps separate one title from another. This ensures that every book can be tracked and sold in the proper formats.

ISBN-10 vs ISBN-13: The Basics

At first glance, both ISBN-10 and ISBN-13 may seem like the same thing, but they’re not. Here’s a quick rundown of the key differences:

Length and Structure

• ISBN-10: Contains 10 digits, and was the standard format for ISBNs before 2007.
• ISBN-13: Contains 13 digits, and is the current standard used globally.

How They’re Used

• ISBN-10: Used before 2007 and may still be used in certain older systems. These numbers are typically used for physical book editions.
• ISBN-13: Introduced to accommodate the need for more books and digital products, it’s now the global standard.

Why the Change to ISBN-13?

• Globalization and Growth: As the publishing industry grew, the number of books published each year exceeded the capacity of the 10-digit system. ISBN-13 solved this issue by expanding the number of possible identifiers.
• EAN System: ISBN-13 was aligned with the European Article Number (EAN) barcode system, making it easier for books to be processed worldwide in retail systems.

Key Differences Between ISBN-10 and ISBN-13

While the main difference is the length, there are a few other factors to consider. Here’s a deeper dive into the distinctions:

1. Format and Length

• ISBN-10: 10 digits (Example: 0-123456-47-9)
• ISBN-13: 13 digits (Example: 978-0-123456-47-9)

2. Barcode Compatibility

• ISBN-10: Traditionally used for print books and not directly compatible with the modern barcode system used for scanning books in stores.
• ISBN-13: Designed to be compatible with barcode readers used worldwide, ensuring the books can be scanned and tracked in retail stores, libraries, and warehouses.

3. Availability

• ISBN-10: Some older books may still only have an ISBN-10, and these numbers may be found in backlist titles.
• ISBN-13: The preferred choice for new releases, as it’s the global standard today.

4. Structure of the ISBN

While both numbers include similar types of information (such as the publisher, title, and edition), ISBN-13 includes an additional “978” or “979” prefix, which links it to the global book trade.

When Do You Need to Use ISBN-10 vs. ISBN-13?

It’s essential to know when each format is appropriate, especially if you’re working in a specific system or region.

• For new releases: Always use ISBN-13. It’s the current industry standard, ensuring that your book is compatible with modern retail and distribution systems.
• For older titles: If your book was published before 2007, it may still only have an ISBN-10. In this case, you can often convert it to ISBN-13 without issues if necessary.

Some booksellers may still list ISBN-10 alongside ISBN-13, but ISBN-13 is the preferred format for most cataloging, purchasing, and distribution channels today.

How to Get ISBN Numbers for Books?

So, how do you go about getting an ISBN number for your book? You’ll typically need to contact an ISBN agency in your country. For instance, in the United States, you can obtain your ISBN through Bowker, while in the UK, it’s available through the Nielsen ISBN Agency.

When registering your ISBN, keep in mind that:

• Each format of your book (eBook, paperback, hardcover, audiobook) will need a separate ISBN.
• You’ll also need to register your book with the right publisher details to ensure it’s tracked properly in systems worldwide.

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between ISBN-10 and ISBN-13 is important for any author or publisher. The ISBN-13 is the global standard and offers broader compatibility with modern systems, while the ISBN-10 may still be seen in older books. But no matter which format you use, both ISBNs serve the crucial purpose of identifying and tracking your book in the world’s retail and library systems.

If you plan to publish, ensure you get the correct ISBN numbers for books that will help your title stand out and be recognized worldwide.